书城文学坐牢家爸爸给女儿的80封信
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第28章 萨摩亚与自挽诗 (1)

亲爱的小文:

南太平洋有十四个小岛叫萨摩亚(Samoa is a group of 14 islands in the South Pacific ocean),东边的一堆属于美国,叫American Samoa,西边的叫Western Samoa(西萨摩亚),是个小国家,只有台湾的十三分之一大,人口十八万,它出产的三种主要东西,念起来都有点口吃(结巴,stammer):

一、bananas(香蕉)——nana

二、cacao(可可)——caca

三、coconuts(椰子)——coco

一结结巴巴,就扯不清了,果然出了麻烦。

可可(cacao)是做巧克力(chocolate)和可可粉的,但可可粉的英文是cocoa,这个字看起来好像是coconuts(椰子)做出来的,所以大家都叫做椰子粉,其实只是可可粉,不是椰子粉(Because of a mistake in spelling,probably made by English importers many years ago,these beans became known as cocoa beans in English-speaking countries. This causes many people to think the beans come from the coconut palm tree instead of the cacao tree.)。

Samoa这地方气温很怪,12月最热,7月最冷(December is the hottest month and July the coldest)。Samoa人喜欢打cricket(板球),但不喜欢打cricket(蟋蟀),板球和蟋蟀,在英文中同一个字。

The crickets are chirping(or are crying).(蟋蟀在叫。)

They are playing a match at cricket.(他们在做板球比赛。)

更喜欢在雨地里打(Samoans love to stay out in a cooling rain.)(Samoans enjoy dancing very much. They also love to play their own version of cricket,a game they learned from the English missionaries. They play cricket with teams that may have from 10 to 300 players,compared to 11 players in normal cricket game.)。

男女多穿一种叫lava-lava的裙子,其实就是一块布,卷成裙子(Most Samoan men and some women wear only a lave-lava,a piece of cloth wrapped around the waist like a skirt. Some wear a blouse or shirt with their lava-lava. Most of the women wear dresses,of a skirt and blouse.)。

在国会里开会也穿裙子。

他们的囚犯白天不坐牢,白天照常做自己的事,晚上才到牢里报到。并且监狱也没有铁栏杆(Prisoners live in jail without bars.),房子比平常住的还像样,因为他们平常只住四面通风的fale(open-sided fale),是用椰子树做材料搭起来的〔The people live in open-sided fale(houses)that have a thatched roof supported by poles. They roll down palm leaf blinds when it rains.〕。

中国古话说“画地为牢”(to draw a circle on the ground for a prison,as was done in the“good old days”)、说“夜不闭户”(There’s no need to close doors at night)……这些世界大同的标准,西萨摩亚人都做到了。

西萨摩亚人并没有钱,他们每人每年只有七十五块美金,就是每月六块美金(每天两毛钱),但他们不需要钱。

《金银岛》(Treasure Island)的作者斯蒂文森(R. L. Stevenson)九十年前死在西萨摩亚。只活了四十四岁(他的太太比他大十一岁),死前他写了一首《安魂曲》(Requiem)。〔Requiem—1.?A Mass for the repose of a departed soul or souls,安魂祭(安去世灵魂的弥撒祭)。2.?A setting of the Mass for the dead,安魂曲(即死者弥撒祭时所奏之曲)的一段乐谱。Also,a piece of like character for other words,又指吊歌、挽歌。3.?Any grand musical service or hymn in honor of the dead,对于死者表示敬意的严肃音乐演奏或壮丽的圣歌〕。中国的文学家陶渊明也写过《自祭文》,爸爸把它翻译给你看:

REQUIEM自挽诗

Under the wide and starry sky在星空之下,多么开朗,

Dig the grave and let me lie.掘一个坟,我就一躺,

Glad did I live and gladly die, 我活得痛快,死得清爽,

And I laid me down with a will. 我一心横卧,什么也不想。

This be the verse you grave for me:请刻这首诗,在我坟场:

Here he lies where he longed to be;他躺的地方,正他所向往,

Home is the sailor,home from sea,水手已回来,从那海上,

And the hunter home from the hill.猎人已回来,从那山冈。

画片上小狗背后刻的诗,就是上面这首。

《金银岛》是一本写海盗的小说,你一定要看一看。写得非常好。英文的学校图书馆一定有,中文的翻译有开明书店的《宝岛》和东方出版社的两种带注音的《金银岛》。

你给爸爸的信、生日卡都收到,你的成绩单也收到,你的好成绩爸爸真高兴。文学家Henry James once praised Stevenson as“the only man in England who can write a decent English sentence”(英国只有他能写出最好的英文句子)。爸爸盼你在班上也这样。

爸爸1975年4月26日

素食种种

亲爱的小文:

英文里有四句诗:

It’s a very odd thing—

As odd as can be—

That whatever Miss T. eats

Turns into Miss T.(Walter de la Mare,“Miss T.”1913)

(那真是顶怪顶怪的事,要怎么怪怎么怪,不论T小姐吃什么,结果都变成了T小姐。)

为什么呢?因为Miss T. 肚子里来了一套nutrition,中文叫“营养”。最重要的“营养素”(nutrients)是: