cardiogenic shock心源性休克
hypovolemic shock低血容量性休克
vasogenic shock血管源性休克
cardiogenic shock心源性休克
systemic inflammatory response syndrome,SIRS全身炎症反应综合征
compensatory anti‐inflammatory response syndrome,CARS代偿性抗炎反应综合征
myocardial depressant factor,MDF心肌抑制因子
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS多器官功能障碍综合征
multiple system organ failure,MSOF多系统器官衰竭
rapid single‐phase速发单相型
delayed two‐phase迟发双相型
catecholamines,Cas儿茶酚胺
histamine组胺
5‐hydroxytryptamine,5‐HT5‐羟色胺
endothelin,ET内皮素
angiotensin Ⅱ,Ang Ⅱ血管紧张素Ⅱ
vasopressin血管升压素
atrial natriuretic peptide,ANP心房钠尿肽
vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP血管活性肠肽
calcitonin gene‐related peptide,CGRP降钙素基因相关肽
kinin激肽
endogenous opioid peptide内源性阿片肽
ischemia‐reperfusion injury缺血-再灌注损伤
reperfusion injury再灌注损伤
free radical自由基
oxygen free radical氧自由基
neutrophils中性粒细胞
reactive oxygen species活性氧
calcium overload钙超载
Na+/Ca2+exchanger Na+/Ca2+ 交换蛋白
adhesion molecule黏附分子
no‐reflow phenomenon无复流现象
myocardial stunning心肌顿抑
reperfusion arrhythmia再灌注性心律失常
cardiac insufficiency心功能不全
heart failure心力衰竭
congestive heart failure充血性心力衰竭
myocardial remodeling心肌重塑
concentric hypotrophy向心性肥大
eccentric hypotrophy离心性肥大
central venous pressure,CVP中心静脉压
pulmonary artery wedge pressure,PAWP肺动脉楔压
respiratory failure index,RFI呼吸衰竭指数
restrictive hypoventilation限制性通气不足
obstructive hypoventilation阻塞性通气不足
diffusion impairment弥散障碍
ventilation‐perfusion imbalance肺泡通气与血流比例失调
venous admixture静脉血掺杂
functional shunt功能性分流
dead space like ventilation死腔样通气
acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS急性呼吸窘迫综合征
pulmonary encephalopathy肺性脑病
carbon dioxide narcosis二氧化碳麻醉
hepatic insufficiency肝功能不全
hepatic failure肝功能衰竭
hepatic encephalopathy肝性脑病
ammonia intoxication hypothesis氨中毒学说
false neurotransmitter hypothesis假性神经递质学说
phenylethanolamine苯乙醇胺
octopamine羟苯乙醇胺
γ‐amino butyric acid,GABAγ‐氨基丁酸
hepatorenal syndrome,HRS肝肾综合征
renal insufficiency肾功能不全
glomerular filtration rate,GFR肾小球滤过率
mesangial cell系膜细胞
antidiuretic hormone,ADH 抗利尿激素
angiotensinogen血管紧张素原
angiotensin I,AngI血管紧张素I
renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system,RAAS肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统
prostaglandin,PG前列腺素
erythropoietin,EPO促红细胞生成素
parathyroid hormone,PTH甲状旁腺素
acute renal failure,ARF急性肾功能衰竭
endothelin,ET内皮素
tubulorrhexic lesion小管破裂性损伤
nephrotoxic lesion肾毒性损伤
medullary thick ascending limb,mTAL肾小管髓袢升支粗段
autocrine自分泌因子
bilirubin胆红素
glutathion,GSH谷胱甘肽
arachidonic acid,AA花生四烯酸
leukotrienes,LTs白三烯
actin肌动蛋白
ankyrin锚蛋白
spectrin血影蛋白
caspase凋亡蛋白酶
molecular chaperone分子伴娘
epidermal growth factor,EGF上皮生长因子
platelet derived growth factor,PDGF血小板源性生长因子
fibroblast growth factor,FGF纤维母细胞生长因子
transforming growth factor,TGF转化生长因子
insulin growth factor;IGF胰岛素生长因子
tyrosine kinase酪氨酸激酶
chronic renal failure,CRF慢性肾衰竭
diabetic nephropathy糖尿病肾病
hypertensive nephropathy,HTN高血压肾病
progressive renal disease进行性肾脏疾病
renal hypertension肾性高血压
sodium‐dependent hypertension钠依赖性高血压
renin‐dependent hypertension肾素依赖性高血压
angiotensin‐eonverting enzyme inhibitors,ACEI血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂
angiotensin Ⅱreceptor antagonists,Ang ⅡRA血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂
uremia尿毒症
uremia toxin尿毒症毒素
α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxa‐zolep‐propionate,AMPAα‐氨基‐3‐羟基‐5‐甲基‐4‐异恶唑‐丙酸
α2‐macroglobulinα2‐巨球蛋白
acetylcholine,Ach乙酰胆碱
adrenocorticotropic hormone,ACTH促肾上腺激素释放激素
agnosia失认
amyloid precursor protein,APP淀粉样前体蛋白
aphasia失语
apolipoprotein E,apoE载脂蛋白E
apraxia失用
ascending reticular activating system,ARAS网状上行激动系统
ascending reticular inhibiting system,ARIS网状上行抑制系统
associated cortex辅助区
brain‐derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF脑源性神经因子
brain stem reticular formation脑干网状结构
cerebral cortex大脑皮层
cholecystokinin,CCK胆囊收缩素
ciliary neurotrophic factor,CNTF睫状神经因子
cognitive disorder认知障碍
coma昏迷
conscious disorder意识障碍
consciousness意识
delirium谵妄
dementia痴呆
dizziness眩晕
dopamine多巴胺
dopamine decarboxylase多巴脱羧酶
excitatory amino acid,EAA兴奋性氨基酸
excitatory toxicity兴奋性毒性
glia‐derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF胶质源性神经因子
glutamate谷氨酸
glycation糖化
glycosylation糖基化
headache头疼
hypothalamus‐pynear‐adrenocorticode,HPA 丘脑下部-垂体-肾上腺皮质
hysteria癔症
infectious poisons感染性毒素
kainate,KA海人藻酸
learning and memory学习、记忆
metabolic poisons代谢性毒素
multiple sclerosis,MS多发性硬化
neuroglia神经胶质细胞
neurogrowth factor,NGF神经生长因子
neuron神经元
neuropeptide神经肽
neurotensin,NT神经降压肽
neurotransmitter神经递质
N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate,NMDAN‐甲基‐D‐门冬氨酸
norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素
numb麻木
paralysis瘫痪
phosphorylation磷酸化
presenilin‐1,PS‐1 早老蛋白‐1
primary cortex主区
protein kinase蛋白激酶
protein phosphatase蛋白磷酸酯酶
schizophrenia精神分裂症
stupor昏睡
syncope晕厥
thalamus丘脑
thyrotropin releasing hormone,TRH促甲状腺激素释放激素
twitch抽搐
tyrosine hydroxylase酪氨酸羟化酶
ubiquitination泛素化
vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP血管活性肠肽
vasopressin,VP血管加压素
vegetative state植物状态