(按每一章先后出现为序排列)
pathophysiology病理生理学
pathological process病理过程
health健康
disease疾病
etiology病因学
etiological factor病因
predisposing factor诱因
pathogenesis发病学
mechanism机制
gene disease基因病
molecular disease分子病
prognosis转归
rehabilitation康复
complete rehabilitation完全康复
incomplete rehabilitation不完全康复
death死亡
brain death脑死亡
transcelllar fluid跨细胞液
hyponatremia低钠血症
hypovolemic hyponatremia低容量性低钠血症
hypotonic dehydration低渗性脱水
hypervolemic hyponatremia高容量性低钠血症
water intoxication水中毒
hypernatremia高钠血症
hypovolemic hypernatremia低容量性高钠血症
hypertonic dehydration高渗性脱水
hypervolemic hypernatremia高容量性高钠血症
isotonic dehydration等渗性脱水
edema水肿
hydrops积水
pitting edema凹陷性水肿
frank edema显性水肿
recessive edema隐性水肿
hypokalemia低钾血症
paradoxial acidic urine反常性酸性尿
hyperkalemia高钾血症
paradoxial alkaline urine反常性碱性尿
hypomagnesemia低镁血症
hypermagnesemia高镁血症
hypocalcemia低钙血症
hypercalcemia高钙血症
hypophosphatemia低磷血症
hyperphosphatemia高磷血症
acid‐base balance酸碱平衡
acid‐base disturbance酸碱平衡紊乱
actual bicarbonate,AB实际碳酸氢盐
anion gap,AG 阴离子间隙
buffer base,BB缓冲碱
base excess,BE碱剩余
carbonic anhydrase,CA碳酸酐酶
carbon dioxide narcosis二氧化碳麻醉
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD慢性阻塞性肺疾患
distal acidification远端酸化作用
double acid‐base disorders双重性酸碱失衡
fixed acid固定酸
mixed acid‐base disorders混合型酸碱平衡紊乱
metabolic acidosis代谢性酸中毒
metabolic alkalosis代谢性碱中毒
pulmonary encephalopathy肺性脑病
renal tubular acidosis,RTA肾小管性酸中毒
respiratory acidosis呼吸性酸中毒
respiratory alkalosis呼吸性碱中毒
simple acid‐base disturbance单纯型酸碱平衡紊乱
standard bicarbonate,SB标准碳酸氢盐
saline‐responsive alkalosis盐水反应性碱中毒
saline‐resistant alkalosis盐水抵抗性碱中毒
triple acid‐base disorders三重性酸碱失衡
unvolatile acid非挥发性酸
undetermined anion,UA血浆中未测定的阴离子
undetermined cation,UC未测定的阳离子
volatile acid挥发性酸
hypoxia缺氧
arterial partial pressure of oxygen,PaO2动脉血氧分压
oxygen binding capacity in blood,CO2max血氧容量
oxygen content,CO2血氧含量
oxygen saturation,SO2氧饱和度
hypotonic hypoxia低张性缺氧
cyanosis发绀
hemic hypoxia血液性缺氧
isotonic hypoxia等张性低氧血症
enterogenous cyanosis肠源性紫绀
histogenous hypoxia组织性缺氧
hypoxia循环性缺氧
ischemic hypoxia缺血性缺氧
congestive hypoxia淤血性缺氧
core temperature体核温度
shell temperature体表温度
preoptic anterior hypothalamus,POAH视前区下丘脑前部
set point调定点
endogenous pyrogen,EP内生致热原
exogenous pyrogen外致热原
organum vasculosum laminae terminalis,OVLT下丘脑终板血管器
cellular signal transduction细胞信号转导
G protein coupling receptors,GPCRG蛋白耦联受体
cAMP response element binding protein,CREBcAMP 反应元件结合蛋白
tyrosine protein kinase,TPK酪氨酸蛋白激酶
gitogen activated protein kinase,MAPK丝裂原活化蛋白激酶
signal transducer and activator of tranion,STAT信号转导和转录激活因子
genetic disorders of receptor遗传性受体病
hormone resistance syndrome激素抵抗综合征
autoimmune receptor disease自身免疫性受体病
secondary receptor disorders继发性受体异常
epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR表皮生长因子受体
GTPase activating protein,GAPGTPase 活化蛋白
transforming growth factor β,TGFβ 转化生长因子β
signal transduction therapy信号转导治疗
apoptosis凋亡
programmed cell death,PCD程序性细胞死亡
necrosis坏死
execution of death死亡执行
endogenous nuclease Dnase内源性核酸内切酶
caspases凋亡蛋白酶
blebbing空泡化
condensation固缩
budding出芽
margination边集
apoptosis body凋亡小体
ladder pattern“梯”状
cascade级联反应
tumor necrosis factor,TNF肿瘤坏死因子
killer gene自杀基因
superoxide dismutase,SOD超氧化物歧化酶
death receptor死亡受体
nerve growth factor receptor,NGFR神经生长因子受体
apoptosis‐inducing factor,AIF凋亡诱导因子
permeability transition pore,PTP通透性转换孔
deleterious network hypothesis恶性网络假说
ceramide,SM神经酰胺
sphingomyelin神经鞘磷脂
mitogen‐activated protein kinase,MAPK丝裂原激活蛋白激酶
checkpoint检查点
molecular Policeman分子警察
Alzheimer’s disease,AD阿尔茨海默病
Parkinson’s disease帕金森病
syncytia合胞体
activation‐induced cell death,AICD激活诱导的细胞死亡
atherosclerosis,AS动脉粥样硬化
caspase‐activated deoxyribonuclease,CADcaspase 激活的脱氧核糖核酸酶
tissue‐type transglutaminase组织型转谷氨酰胺酶
cross‐linking交联
B cell lymphoma/leukemia‐2,Bcl‐2 B 细胞淋巴瘤/白血病‐2
stress response应激反应
stressor应激原
General adaptation syndrome,GAS全身适应综合征
locus ceruleus‐norepinephrine /sympathetic‐adrenal medulla axis,LC/NE蓝斑-去甲肾上腺素/交感-肾上腺髓质轴
hypothalamus‐Pituitary‐adrenal cortex system,HPA下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质激素系统
heat shock protein,HSP热休克蛋白
acute PhasepProtein,AP急性期反应蛋白
extrinsic coagulation pathway外源性凝血途径
intrinsic coagulation pathway内源性凝血途径
disseminated or diffuse intravascular coagulation,DIC弥散性血管内凝血
fibrin or fibrinogen degradation product,FDP纤维蛋白(原)降解产物
generalized Shwartzman reaction,GSR全身性Shwartzman 反应
plasma protamine paracoagulation test血浆鱼精蛋白副凝试验,3P 试验
Waterhorst‐Friderichsen syndrome华-佛氏综合征
Sheehan’s syndrome席汉氏综合征
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia微血管病性溶血性贫血
schistocyte裂体细胞
shock休克
hemorrhagic shock失血性休克
burn shock烧伤性休克
traumatic shock创伤性休克
infectious shock感染性休克
anaphylactic shock过敏性休克
neurogenic shock神经源性休克