Wang:Wehavenoincomefromthefarm。Wegrowsomepeachesinthevalleybutcutthemdownlaterbecausewecouldnotsellthematgoodprice。WehavegrownsomeApricottreesandallthepeachtreesinfrontofmyhousebelongtomyrelative。Igetuparound5amtopreparebreakfastformykidswhogetuparound6。
Jin:Theyhavebreakfastathomeandbuysomethingtoeatinthetownatlunchtime。
VH:Isthemoneyenoughforthekids?
Wang:Itisfinenowbecausethetuitionfeeishalffree。Butmoremoneyisneededwhentheygotohighschooloraretransferredtoanotherschool。
Jin:Accordingtogeographicalschoolingsystem,thetuitionfeecanbeexemptediftheystudyinNumber3middleschool。Teachersherecannotteachverywellsowehopethestudentscanstudyoutofhere,whichisbetterforthem。
VH:Doyouusuallyhavetimetohelpkidswiththeirstudy?
Wang:Twoofusarebothilliteratebutwestilltrytomonitorthem。Sometimestheyliedtous,sayingtheyhavefinishedthehomework。BecauseofthiswemusttransferthemtoYejiabuSchool,wheretheycanstudywell。
VH:Howmanypeoplearethereworkinginthetowntogetherwithyou?
Jin:ThreepeopleincludingYuanshengandYingping。Wehavemorefreetimewhenworkinginthetownbutwecannotgotoplaceswhicharetoofarfromhome。EverymorningIcarrysomepeachestothemarketandleavethemtosomeonetosell。
Wang:ProblemisthatIneedtotakecareofmyFarther--in--law,becauseheisoldandfeelpaininhislegs。
Jin:FourpeopleinthisvillagehasbeentoGermanyandoneofthemismyfather。Somevillagersdonotbelieveitandevenmockatus。Butwereallygotthatchance。TheTaoismassociationofFairyTowerisplanningtoestablishtourismregionhereandopeningupspringwaterisanotheropportunity。Wewonderifthisvillagecanbetransferredtosomewhereelse。
Wang:Ifthekidscannotgotouniversityandstayhereinthispoorplace,gettingmarriedwillbeabigproblem。Soourhopeisthatthesekidscanstudyhardandgotouniversityoneday。
VH:Howdoyouthinkofyourlifestandardnow?
Jin:Weeatpotatoesandsimplenoodleseverydayandsometimeswebuyfood。Wang:Weneedtobuyvegetablesinthetownbecauseofthedraughtwedonotgrowbyourselves。Itisnotcheapinthetown,forexample,eggplantnormallycostsmorethan1yuaneachkilo。OnlyonceIboughtsomefor0。8yuan。Andthespicycosts1。6or1。7yuan。
VH:Doyouthinkourlifeconditionscanbeimprovedsomehow?
Jin:Ihavenoideamainlybecausewehavenomoney。Weonlyhopethekidscangotojuniorschool。Thesonmayfindsomeworktodoafterhighschoolandthedaughterhadbetterfinishedschoolingalso,thoughwepayhigherfee。
Wecaneventakeloansinordertosupportoneofthemtofinishstudy。Isuggestthemtolearnartlikemyeldestbrotherandhecanhelpthemwithfuturedevelopment。
Wang:Ihopetheroadcanberepaired,sothatIcaneasilytakethegroundflourbackhome。OtherwiseIneedtomeasureandbuyflourinthetown。
VH:Howaboutyourkidstudy?
Jin:Teacheratthisplacecannotteachthemverywell。
Wang:Andinthatsituationthekidsdonotstudyhard,sotheenvironmentisveryimportant。Thoughwedonothavetoomuchmoney,wemusttransferthekidstoabetterschool。Actuallythekidsdonotwantit。
VH:Cantheycookbythemselves?
Jin:Yes,theycookforthemselvesnow。Nowtwoofthemwillbetransferredtogetherandthedaughtercancook。
Wang:Letthemcookbythemselvesotherwisewewillspoilthem。
VH:Whatdoyouthinkofthevillage?
Wang:Itisharderformanfromthisvillagetogetmarried。Forexample,thesonofMaolindidnotsucceedinschoolentranceexam,thengotofindworktodointhecapitalcityandisstillsinglenow。NowadaysthegirlshavehigherexpectationsHowcantheycometothispoorplace?
Jin:Sincethepolicyofforestation,governmentdidnotdistributecroptous。
Wang:Itissaidthatin2008thekidscangotoschoolforfreebutuptonowtheystillchargeusmoney。Whatismore,wegivebackthelandtogovernmentwith。
靳喜林的母亲刘西花,2008。JinXiLinsmotherLiuXihua,2008。
靳喜林、王娇莲的父亲靳女女和他的孙子靳强强孙女靳娜娜在一起,后为靳茂林,2002年JinXiLin,WangJiaoLiansfatherJinNunuandhisgrandchildrenJinQiangqiangJinNana,behindthemisJinMaolin,2002。
compensationof40%andifweuse1acre,wewillbefinedfor50yuan。Butthefactisthatwewerefinednomatterweusethelandornot。
Jin:Withoutforestation,wehaveenoughwheattoeatandextratoburnforheating。
Wang:Inwinterwomengotopickupfirewoodanditcanbeusedforhalfyear。
Jin:Thoughthetaxisexemptedinthepolicy,wearestillcharged。Whenweexposeittothelocalgovernment,itdoesnotworkatall。ButYebuinQinancountyisdifferentfromLiupingwherepeoplecangetcompensationsincetheforestationpolicywasputintopractice,whileinYebupeoplehavetopayforthefine。
靳同生访谈II2007。7。
村长:你年龄多大了?
靳:我六十四五岁,属羊的。
村长:家里都有谁?
靳:家里儿子一个、女子一个、孙子两个。女子出嫁到金城了。后人去山东打工了。听说今年每天挣四十二块钱。我们分开了,各过各的。
村长!有没有什么想法让咱们的庄子更好点?
靳:我们的这地方更好是不行的,要费大气力,我的能力水平现在感觉再好不了了,再上一层楼,我感觉不行了,现在刚达到温饱。我们地点的限制,生活再好不了了,现在已经到尽头了。对孙子就是看书能不能念成,能考上学不,能不能出去,就有这样的想法。
庄里从秦安县来说是“第一”最苦的,你看“摔死长虫,绊死癞蛤蟆”的这个地方,你觉得连你们叶家堡能比不?就是山坡陡凹,现在吃的无根水,不是共产党的母亲水窖,原来在沟底里往上担水。
我觉得需要改进的设想达不到,得治沟治山,用铲车和挖掘机把几个沟一填,再弄一个三级电管能放到粱顶,设想达不到。有几千万或几百万看怎么样。还要有那样的人,我们庄没有那样的人。生活到这个程度已经到头了,再上不去了。实际情况是自然条件限制定的。咱们的经济来源有限,土质生产的东西是有限度的。这地方十年九旱,水没有保证。
我们这一代已经白日头下山了,下一代就看下一代自己了,看他们自己有什么设想,有什么先进经验。我对下一代也没有什么希望了,设想达不到,心比天高,命比纸薄。对家里没什么愿望,你首先来不了钱。大的设想是,弄一个三级电管,把大沟治了,把老虎沟治了。
老村长靳同生,2005。JinTongshengusedtobethevillageheadinShiJieZi,2005。
JinTongsheng!!画。
VH:Howoldareyou?
Jin:Iam64or65,borninsheepyear。
VH:Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?
Jin:Therearemyson,mydaughterandtwograndchildren。MydaughtergotmarriedintheJinchengvillageandmysonworksinShangdong。Itissaidthathecouldearn42yuaneachdaysonowhecanfinanciallybeindependent。
VH:Arethereanymethodswithwhichtheconditionofourvillagecanbeimproved?Jin:Itistoohardtoimprovetheconditionsherebecauseofthegeographicallimitations。Ouronlyhopeisthechildrencangotouniversityandhavebetterlife。