Itisasharedgoalofallcountriestoachieveruleoflawatthenationalandinternationallevels.Countriesareentitledtoindependentlychoosethemodelsofruleoflawthataresuitablefortheirnationalconditionsandcanlearnfromeachother’smodelforcommondevelopment.Tostrengtheninternationalruleoflaw,itisnecessarytoupholdtheauthorityoftheCharteroftheUnitedNations,strictlyabidebythewellestablishedprinciplesandrulesofinternationallaw,adheretotheconsistentapplicationofinternationallaw,avoiddoublestandards,improveinternationallaw-makingprocessandpromotedemocracyininternationalrelations.
打击“有罪不罚”CombatingImpunity
中国谴责一切侵犯人权和违反国际人道法的犯罪行为,支持国际社会推动解决冲突地区“有罪不罚”问题。国际社会惩治犯罪的努力,不应干扰冲突地区正在进行的和平进程,不应妨碍冲突地区促进民族和解,实现持久和平。只有在有关地区局势缓和、政治稳定的前提下,才能更好地解决有罪不罚问题。Chinacondemnsallcrimesinviolationofhumanrightsandinternationalhumanitarianlawandsupportstheinternationalcommunityinitseffortstoaddressimpunityinconflictareas.Theinternationaleffortstopunishcrimesshouldnotdisrupttheongoingpeaceprocessinconflictareasorhamperthemeasuresinconflictareastopromotenationalreconciliationandbuildenduringpeace.Theissueofimpunitycanonlybebetteraddressedwithrelaxationoftensionandpoliticalstabilityinrelatedregions.
海洋与海洋法事务OceansandtheLawoftheSea
中国高度重视海洋事务和海洋法,主张国际社会应加强合作和协调,建立和维护一个和谐的国际海洋秩序。我们主张:
第一,我们需要维护人类与海洋之间的和谐,使海洋永久造福人类,人类持续回报海洋。途径是兼顾对海洋的合理利用与科学保护。
第二,我们需要在海洋条件优越国与不利国、发达国家与发展中国家间公平分配海洋利益,分担保护责任,共同呵护海洋这一人类共同的家园。
第三,维护和谐的海洋秩序,应加强国际法治,仍需以《联合国海洋法公约》为法律基础。《公约》是国际社会经过长期谈判取得的成果,较均衡地反映了各方关切,为
和谐的海洋秩序奠定了法律基础和框架,是在海洋领域解决新问题、处理新挑战的重要
依据。
第四,科学合理划定200海里以外大陆架外部界限,不仅是沿海国依国际法所享有的权利,同时还牵涉到作为全人类共同继承财产的国际海底区域的范围,国际社会应确保大陆架界限委员会工作的严肃性、科学性和准确性。
Chinaplacesgreatimportanceonmaritimeissuesandthelawoftheseaandbelievesthattheinternationalcommunityshouldstrengthencooperationandcoordinationtoestablishandmaintainaharmoniousinternationalorderonthesea.Weproposethat:
First,weneedtomaintainharmonybetweenmankindandtheseainordertosustainamutually-rewardingrelationshipbetweenthem.Thewaytoachievethisgoalistostrikeabalancebetweenreasonableutilizationandscientificconservationofthesea.
Second,weneedtomakeanequitabledistributionofmaritimeinterestsbetweencountrieswithadvantageousanddisadvantageousmaritimeconditionsandbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Itisimportantforustosharetheresponsibilityofconservationandworktogethertocareforthesea,thecommonhomelandofmankind.
Third,inordertomaintainaharmoniousmaritimeorder,itisimportanttostrengtheninternationalruleoflawwiththeUnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSeaasthelegalbasis.TheConvention,aproductofmanyyearsofinternationalnegotiation,reflectstheconcernsofvariouspartiesinarelativelybalancedmanner.Ithassetalegalfoundationandframeworkforbuildingaharmoniousmaritimeorderandforaddressingnewmaritimeproblemsandchallenges.
Fourth,ascientificandreasonabledelineationoftheouterlimitsofthecontinentalshelfbeyond200nauticalmilesisnotmerelyarightsomecoastalstatesareentitledtounderinternationallaw.Italsoconcernsthescopeofinternationalseabedareawhichisthecommonheritageofmankind.TheinternationalcommunityshouldensurethattheworkoftheCommitteeontheLimitsoftheContinentalShelfisconductedinaserious,science-basedand
accuratemanner.
中国同主要国家及国家集团的关系定位
金砖四国BRIC
去年以来,我们四国对话和合作内涵不断丰富、层次不断拓展、成果不断涌现。我们四国政治体制、发展方式、宗教信仰、文化传统不尽相同,却能成为好朋友、好伙伴,这充分证明了不同社会制度可以相互包容,不同发展模式可以相互合作,不同历史文明可以相互借鉴,不同文化传统可以相互交流,顺应了和平与发展的时代潮流,体现了合作共赢的时代特点。Theconnotationofdialogueandcooperationbetweenourfourcountriescontinuestoexpand,thelevelofdialogueandcooperationcontinuestoriseandtheresultsachievedthroughdialogueandcooperationkeeponemerging.Despitethedifferencesinpoliticalsystems,developmentmodes,religiousbeliefsandculturaltraditions,ourfourcountrieshavebecomegoodfriendsandgoodpartners,whichfullyprovesthatcountrieswithdifferentsocialsystemscanbemutuallyinclusive,countrieswithdifferentmodesofdevelopmentcancooperatewitheachother,countrieswithdifferenthistoriesandcivilizationscanlearnfromeachother,andcountrieswithdifferentculturaltraditionscaninteractwitheachother.Thiscomplieswiththetrendofpeaceanddevelopmentofourtimesandreflectsthefeatureofwin-wincooperationofourage.
当前,“金砖四国”合作既面临难得机遇,也面临严峻挑战。我们要从战略高度明确四国合作方向、推动四国合作进程。我们要以政治互信为基石,坦诚相待,相互尊重,相互理解,相互支持;以务实合作为抓手,重在行动,为合作注入新动力;以机制建设为保障,加大合作力度,拓宽合作领域;以互利共赢为目标,优势互补,最大程度分享合作成果;以开放透明为前提,增进同各方沟通和交流,体现合作的开放性。ThecooperationbetweenBRICcountriesisfacingrareopportunitiesaswellasseverechallenges.Weneedto,fromastrategicperspective,identifythedirectionsforthecooperationbetweenourfourcountriesandpromotethecooperationprocess.Weneedtotakepoliticaltrustasthecornerstoneandtreateachotherwithcandidness,mutualrespect,mutualunderstandingandmutualsupport;weneedtotakepracticalcooperationasthestartingpoint,focusonaction,andinjectnewvitalityintoourcooperation;weneedtotakeinstitutionalbuildingastheguarantee,intensifycooperationandexpandareasofcooperation;weneedto
takemutualbenefitandwin-winresultsasthegoal,complementeachotherwith
differentadvantages,andsharethefruitsofcooperationtothemaximumextent;weneedtotakeopennessandtransparencyasthepremise,promotecommunicationandexchangewitheachother,andreflecttheopennatureofourcooperation.