书城外语英语情景应用语法教程
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第5章 过去进行时 The Past Continuous Tense

同学们,上一单元我们学了现在进行时,表示现在或最近一阶段正在进行的动作。

现在我们正在大学里学习,那么回想一下上个周末的这个时间你正在干什么呢?去年的今天你正在干什么呢?整个高中阶段你都在干什么呢?很明显我们不能再用现在进行时回答这些问题了,我们需要用的是表示过去的另一个时态:过去进行时。好,今天就让我带领大家走进过去进行时。大家准备好了吗?OK, let"s go!

4.1过去进行时的定义

过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense)表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。

过去进行时的时间状语:at+时间点(eight, nine, etc.)+last night/morning/week/month/year或last Saturday 等或者when, while, as 引导的过去时间状语。

4.2过去进行时的基本结构

1.肯定句型

过去进行时肯定句型的基本结构如下:

主语+was/were+现在分词

例如:

He was taking a shower when the phone rang.

电话响起来的时候他正在洗澡。

2.否定句型

过去进行时否定句型的基本结构如下:

主语+was/were not +现在分词

例如:

This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing his bike.

昨天这个时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车。

3.一般疑问句型

过去进行时一般疑问句型的基本结构如下:

was/were+主语+ 现在分词

例如:

Were you playing volleyball at four yesterday afternoon?

昨天下午四点你们在打排球吗?

Yes, we were./No.we weren"t.

是的,我们在打。/不,我们没在打。

4.特殊疑问句型

过去进行时特殊疑问句型的基本结构如下:

特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+现在分词

例如:

What were you doing when I came in?

我进来的时候你在干什么?

Dialogue & Analysis(此处有视频学习资料)

A: Remember what I said before I left this morning?

B: Sure.You told me that your mother was coming today.(was coming 是动词的过去进行时,用来表示过去的将来即将发生的动作。)She was flying here this afternoon.

(was flying 是动词的过去进行时,用来表示过去的将来即将发生的动作。)I was meeting your mother at the airport.(was meeting 是动词的过去进行时,用来表示过去的将来即将发生的动作。)

A: What were you doing at two o"clock? And the whole afternoon?[过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,过去进行时的形式是:was (were)+现在分词。]

B: I was watching TV at 2o"clock this afternoon.I was watching TV before 4o"clock.

(过去进行时表示过去某一段时间持续进行的动作。)I have been reading from 4o"clock to now.

A: Why didn"t you meet my mother?

B: I dare not go.

A: Why?

B: It"s your rule that I can"t get in touch with any females except you.

过去进行时的用法

(1)过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,与表示过去某一时刻的副词或副词短语连用。

(2)过去进行时的形式是“was(were)+现在分词”。

(3)过去进行时可以表示过去某一段时间持续进行的动作。

(4)arrive, begin, come, drive, fly, go, leave, meet, move, stay, start 等动词的过去进行时,可用来表示过去的将来即将发生的动作。

R ole Play

Watch the video one more time, try to imitate the dialogue with your partners, and then, show your performance to your classmates.

4.3过去进行时的基本用法

(1)过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。例如:

He fell asleep when he was reading.

他看书的时候睡着了。

注意:过去进行时表示过去的某个时间正在发生的动作。

(2)用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。例如:

I was wondering if you could give me a lift.

我不知你能否让我搭一下车。

注意:此处也可用一般过去时,但比较而言,用过去进行时显得更客气,更不肯定。

(3)过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,通常也与 always, forever, continually 等副词连用。例如:

They were always quarrelling.

他们老是吵架。

(4)动词be 的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。

比较:

He was friendly.

他很友好。(指过去长期如此)

He was being friendly.

他当时显得很友好。(指过去一时的表现)

补充:when的后面加一般过去时,而且动词是非延续性动词;while 的后面加过去进行时,动词是延续性动词。

Task 1

用括号内动词的适当形式完成下列句子。

1.It (rain) when we went out.

2.I (wonder) if you could help me.

3.He (kind) at that time.

4.He (is) always (change) his mind.

4.4过去进行时的特殊用法

(1)当句子意思很清楚时,也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时。例如:

We listened carefully while the teacher read the text.

老师读课文时,我们都仔细地听着。

(2)表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive 等表示位置转移的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。例如:

He told me that he was going soon.

他告诉我他很快就要走了。

(3)表示故事发生的背景。例如:

It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.

那支医疗小组往前线行进时,天正下着雪。

(4)表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作,这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。例如:

Five minutes later, he was standing in the doorway smoking a cigarette.

5分钟后,他已站在门口抽着烟。

(5)过去进行时还可和when 结构遥相呼应,含有意外之意。例如:

I was walking in the street when someone called me.

我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。

(6)用来陈述原因或用作借口。例如:

She went to the doctor yesterday.She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.

她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。

(7)与always, constantly 等词连用,表示感情色彩。例如:

The girl was always changing her mind.

这女孩总是改变主意。

Task 2

用括号内动词的适当形式完成下列句子。

1.He (is) always (help) others.

2.I (sleep) yesterday when someone came in.

3.It (rain) when we (play) basketball outside.

4.They said they (arrive) soon.

5.When I saw him he (decorate) his room.

I.用括号内动词的适当形式完成下列句子。

1.While we (wait) for the bus, a girl (run) up to us.

2.I (telephone) a friend when Bob (come) in.

3.Jim (jump) on the bus as it (move) away.

4.We (test) the new machine when the electricity (go) off.

5.She (not want) to stay in bed while the others (all, work) in the fields.

6.I (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.

7.Mary (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night.John and peter (do)the same thing.

8.What you (do) at that time? We (watch) TV.

9.Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes, he was.He (listen) to the radio.

10.They (not make) a model ship when I saw him.

II.选择题。

1.I a meal when you me.

A.cooked;were ringing

B.was cooking;rang

C.was cooking;were ringing

D.cooked;rang

2.He said he to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.

A.tries

B.tried

C.was trying

D.will try

3.While she TV, she a sound outside the room.

A was watching;was hearing

B.watched;was hearing

C.watched;heard

D.was watching;heard

4.They a football game from 7to 9last night.

A.were watching

B.watch

C.watched

D.are watching

5.What book you when I you at four yesterday afternoon?

A.did, read;was seeing

B.did, read;saw

C.were, reading;saw

D.were, reading;was seeing

III.按要求改写下列句子。

1.The students were doing their homework.(改为否定句)

2.He was working in the wind.(改为一般疑问句)

3.They were not having a meeting at that time.(改为肯定句)

4.I was sleeping when you came.(对画线部分提问)

5.They were watching TV yesterday evening.(改为一般疑问句)

Fun Time

A Funny Story

“Why are you crying, Sonny?”

“My brother"s lost his school cap, and he hit me.”

“But why should he hit you?”

“I was wearing it when he lost it.”