书城社会科学客观与偏见:美国主流报纸台海问题报道研究
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第16章 美国主流报纸台海问题报道具体案例(4)

译文:

为了迎合中国的口味,白宫拒绝了准备对美进行私人访问的台湾“总统”李登辉的签证。李先生已经接受了其获得博士学位的康奈尔大学的邀请。本周众议院和参议院以压倒性优势通过决议授予李先生签证。但国务院的态度没有丝毫改变,发言人发表声明,称访问将会给“美国外交政策带来严重后果”。克林顿总统应该推翻这种判断。

自1979年中美建交以来,台湾和美国没有建立正式的官方关系,美国承认中国的立场,只有一个中国,台湾是个被分离了的共和政体,终究要回归中国。在没有建立外交关系的情况下,台湾已经发展成为美国第五大贸易伙伴,过去的独裁统治已经宣告结束,并日益成为亚洲最重要的经济体之一。

美国需要在朝鲜核问题上与中国合作。政策制定者们也必须认识到台湾对中国在情感上的重要性胜于战略上,每当美国对台湾做出友好的表示,不出预料北京肯定会有强烈反应。华盛顿已经接受了北京处于首要地位的原则,就没有必要害怕北京在给李登辉签证问题上发脾气。

(2)集中报道李登辉访问行程,扮演“记录员”角色。

在李登辉如愿抵达美国后,《纽约时报》和《华盛顿邮报》对李登辉的活动进行了全面报道,烘托李登辉在美国受欢迎的场面。

1995年6月8日的《纽约时报》在第3版刊登《李登辉访美之旅撼动台湾岛》的文章。文章在提到访问是“私人性质”之后,全程记录李登辉在美国所受的礼遇:

For the record,the President of Taiwan says his trip to an alumni reunion at Cornell University is strictly a private affair.

The White House,which granted President Lee Teng-hui a visa to attend the gathering,wishes the world would ignore it.

But the visit,the first to the United States by a Taiwan leader since the United States severed relations with Taiwan in 1979,is being hailed here as the “journey of the century” and a diplomatic triumph.

For Taiwan,the voyage is festooned with the trappings of a state visit. More than 300 newspaper,radio and television reporters have descended on the United States to chronicle every minute of Mr. Lee's trip,to broadcast every public word he utters,and glean meaning from every private conversation overheard.

This afternoon,all three Government-controlled television stations carried Mr. Lee's departure ceremony,complete with red carpets,a receiving line of the country's senior ministers,a military honor guard,and lingering pictures of Mr. Lee's chartered Boeing 747 roaring off the runway en route to Los Angeles,where it landed later today to another large press reception.

For 16 years,Taiwan's leaders had not been allowed to so much as step off an airplane in the Honolulu airport for fear that such a step would antagonize the Government of China and violate the official American policy that there is only one China.

On Friday,Mr. Lee is to address alumni at Cornell,where he received a doctorate in agricultural economics in 1968.

“We hope this is a watershed,” said Jason C. Hu,the Government's chief spokesman,who traveled with the president to Los Angeles today. “We hope from now on people we see us as what we are.”

“This is significant in the sense that we can be seen and heard and not isolated,” he said,in an interview before his departure. “We want Peking to understand that we have done nothing with the purpose of irritating anyone.”

译文:

对于这一突破,李登辉说他到康奈尔大学参加聚会纯属私人事务。

但是给李登辉发放签证,允许他到美国参加聚会的白宫希望世界忽视这一点。

这次访问是台湾领导人自1979年以来第一次访美,台湾人高呼其为“世纪之行”,是台湾外交的一次巨大胜利。

从台湾方面来看,这次访问台湾摆出的是国事访问的架势,来自台湾报纸、电台和电视台的300多名随行记者到达美国,记载李先生全程访问的每一分钟,报道他公开讲演的每句话语,揣摩他每次私人讲话折射出的深刻意义。

今天下午,台湾政府控制的三大电视台全程记录了李登辉“总统”访美的送别仪式,李“总统”走在红地毯上,参加送别的是政府的高级官员们,军事仪仗队位列两旁。摄像机镜头中李先生的波音747飞机缓缓起飞开始了前往洛杉矶的行程,在那里一个大型媒体招待会正等着他。

16年来,台湾领导人都没有机会在火奴鲁鲁机场降落,因为此举将惹怒中国政府并挑战美国官方的一个中国政策。

星期五,李登辉将会出席康奈尔大学的校友会,1968年,他在这所学校获得农业经济学博士学位。

随李登辉前往洛杉矶的台湾政府首席发言人Jason C. Hu表示:“我们期待这次访问成为一个分水岭。我们希望世人看到我们在做什么。”

“这是一次非常重要的机会让世界看到我们,听到我们的声音,而不是被孤立”,他在临行前接受采访时说,“我们希望北京认识到我们所作的并不是为了要激怒任何人。”

1995年6月10日,《纽约时报》和《华盛顿邮报》分别在第4版和A8版,刊登李登辉到访康奈尔大学的消息。《纽约时报》的报道标题是《台湾“总统”在康奈尔大学小心翼翼谈政治》,文章分析了李登辉访美的政治意义:

He did not need to say much more to get his point across. For all the buildup surrounding the first Taiwan leader to visit the United States since diplomatic ties ended in 1979,Mr. Lee would have probably been content just to stand at the lectern and smile. It was his mere presence that meant a thousand words,a diplomatic breakthrough culminating years of lobbying and foreshadowing what Taiwan hopes will be a bigger international role.

译文:

他并不需要说太多来让别人理解他的观点。自1979年,美国和台湾断交后,李登辉是第一位访美的台湾“总统”,只要站在演讲台上微笑,他就已经很满意了。他站在这里就意味着千言万语,这是美国和台湾多年外交低潮的突破,预示着台湾希望在国际舞台上进一步崭露头角,取得更重要的地位。

《华盛顿邮报》也竭力烘托此访的官方性质:

Taiwan President Lee Teng-hui's visit to his university reunion here has turned into a six-way international balancing act. The governments of Taiwan,China,and the United States,as well as Lee's U.S. Republican supporters,his domestic opposition and assorted lobbying groups are all vying to build up or play down the trip's symbolic importance.

Lee's promoters are doing their utmost to inflate the “official” nature of the visit,the first to the United States by a president of Taiwan. China,which views Taiwan as a breakaway province,today lashed out at Washington again for permitting the trip. The U.S. government,fearful of offending China even more than it already has,is eager to emphasize Lee is here for personal reasons to attend his reunion at Cornell University.

译文:

台湾“总统”李登辉参加其母校的校友联欢会已经演变成了一次六方国际平衡游戏。台湾政府,中国政府,美国政府,以及李登辉在美国共和党的支持者,他在其岛内的反对党,和他的说客们都争着或强调或减弱这次访问象征的重要意义。

李登辉的支持者都极力鼓吹这次访问的“官方”性,这是台湾“总统”对于美国的首次造访。中国以把台湾作为自己的一个未收回的省的眼光,再一次在华盛顿就美国对此次访问的允许进行挖苦和讽刺。美国政府因为害怕进一步得罪中国,渴望强调李登辉此次赴美的私人原因,也就是参加其母校康奈尔大学的校友联欢会。