26. engender: cause or give to ( a feeling，situation，or condition)
27. rekindle: revive ( something that has been lost) 再点燃
C. Post -r eading a ctivity
Think and answer the following questions.
What is student motivation?
How does different sources of motivation effect on students?
What influences can home environment have on children?
How do teachers??beliefs and expectations influence the students?
Ⅳ. Fast Read in g
In this part，you are required to read three passages and choose the best answers to the questions after each passage，using the skill you have just learned where necessary.
( 1) Using Study Gr oups to Incr ease Lear ning
Some students find that the Study Group method helps to learn some kinds of material faster and better. However ，it must be used in a particular way，otherwise it is frustrating and a waste of time.
The following guidelines will help to plan and carry out the method in a way to ensure that it works for you.
The size of the group is important. It can involve as few as two，but a more desirable number is between three and six. Then if one member cannot make the meeting，the group can still carry on. Members should be taking the same course，and be able to get together on a regular basis. One person should act as Chair，to see that the method is carried out correctly，without too much idle talk or one person getting excess“ air time. ”
An agenda should be prepared for each meeting，with each member responsible to report on or explain a section of the reading or to give the answers to selected questions.
All members must do their homework of preparing for the meeting，each preparing his /her assigned parts，and all making themselves familiar with all the material.
The group meeting should be conducted to cover all the reports within the planned time from one to two hours depending on the agenda. Each person should make his /her presentation so good that it “ teaches” the material to the others. Then the presentation should be questioned and discussed freely and thoroughly，with everyone participating. Finally，each should make brief notes on the important ideas that were brought out.
The next step is to take about five minutes to talk about the value of the session，and in particular to discuss ways in which each member could make it better next time.
The final step is to plan the agenda for the next meeting，after which members may reward themselves with socializing.
It may take two or three sessions to get the method working，but if you stick to it and follow the procedure，it will usually increase learning and make it more interesting. If the method suits your learning style and the course material，form a Study Group and give it a fair trial. If，by chance，it does not work，adapt it. And if that fails，drop it. Always and only go with what works.
1. Why is the Study Group method frustrating and a waste of time if not properly used?
A. When it involves too few people，the group can not carry on sometimes.
B. If its members take different courses，or cannot meet regularly，then the study group will fall apart sooner or later .
C. There should be someone in charge of the group，or the group get-together may become a waste of time.
D. All of the above.
2. Which of the following may contribute to the failure of a group method?
A. Each member only prepares a part assigned to him / her and doesn??t have to be familiar with all the material.
B. The group meeting should last within the pre-planned time.
C. The presentation should be made well enough to make the other members learn from it and then participate in it.
D. Each member should take notes on the important ideas that have been brought out.
3. What is the second step for the whole process of the Study Group method?
A. Select one person as Chair.
B. All members are assigned parts to prepare.
C. The presentation should be questioned and discussed freely and thoroughly.
D. Spend several minutes talking about the value of the session and discussing ways in which each member could make it better next time.
4. Which of the following may be the effect of the Study Group method?
A. It can increase learning efficiency if it suits your learning style and course material.
B. It can improve students??social ability and make them get fun from it.
C. It is likely to be a failure，so before you form a study group，think twice.
D. Both A and B.
( 2) How to Study Read ( I )
Most students don??t know how to study read. They usually open their textbooks to the assigned page and start reading. But before long，their minds have wandered offsomewhere. Or they read and mark up the pages by underlining everything that seemsimportant. Study reading is different from regular reading. You are expected toremember more，and in most cases，will be tested on what you read. Here is a fourstepmethod for study reading that can help improve comprehension and promoteretention of what is read.
Step One: Pr epa re to Read