This paper is dedicated to Ronald Coase,whose idea on the clear delineation of rightsinspired the economic awakening ofa great nation，and to celebratethe 30th anniversary of what must bethe greatest programforeconomic reformin history.
谨以此文献给罗纳德.科斯。他那权利要有清楚界定的理念，唤醒了一个庞大的国家。并以此祝贺历史上最伟大的经济改革三十周年。
The author is grateful to Ronald Coase,Lars Werin，YoramBarzel and Michael Cheung for their detailed commentson various drafts of this paper.
感谢科斯、沃因、巴泽尔和张滔。他们细读了此文的初稿，提供了意见。